New Scramble for Africa: Power, Profit and the Battle for Influence Africa is once again at the centre of global attention. Major powers are competing for access to its resources, markets and strategic geography. The United States, China, Russia, France and several European and Gulf countries are investing heavily across the continent. This has revived...
Sovereign Debt Architecture: Why African Borrowers Pay More The core fact is simple. African governments pay higher borrowing costs than richer countries. The reason is not only market pricing. It is how the global system is built. The term Sovereign Debt Architecture describes the rules, institutions, and market practices that determine how countries borrow and...